For many species spatial navigation is one of major problems to be solved every day for survival. Some species undertake extremely long-distance travels such as the Arctic tern migrating from the North Pole to the South Pole, while others such as some invertebrate species do not move away from their native place further than an inch. Distances are noncomparable, but there is one option that can easily be compared in many species, from ants to elephants. The matter concerns feats of intelligence which can be equal in such different creatures. Even if you are not a long-distance explorer it could be difficult to find a right place and to come back not being equipped with something like an invisible Ariadne’s thread of or at least with good brains. Indeed, the separation of “when”, “what” and “where” rarely occurs in the real world. We will concentrate mainly on how animals solve “what” and “where” problems within their timeline.